La performance periodística en la cobertura deportiva: un estudio comparado de televisión, radio, prensa impresa y medios online en Chile

Andrés Scherman; Claudia Mellado

doi:10.5294/pacla.2019.22.3.8

Autores

Andrés Scherman Autor Universidad Diego Portales http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7982-1738
Claudia Mellado Autor Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9281-1526

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2019.22.3.8

Palavras-chave:

Jornalismo, práticas jornalísticas, papéis profissionais, Esportes Chile, multiplataforma, radiodifusão, televisão, imprensa, rádio

Resumo

Journalistic Performance in Sports Coverage: A Comparative Study of Television, Radio, Press, and Online Media in Chile

A performance jornalística na cobertura esportiva: um estudo comparado de televisão, rádio, imprensa impressa e meios on-line no Chile

De forma tradicional, questiona-se o jornalismo esportivo acusando-o de falta de rigor, pouca capacidade crítica com as fontes e de ignorar os conflitos sociais. Este artigo pretende estabelecer se existem diferenças nas características da cobertura jornalística que as seções de esporte realizam e a que outras seções dos meios efetuam, avaliando aspectos como quantidade de fontes, diversidade de pontos de vista e entrega de informação verificável. Além disso, questiona-se se existem diferenças na presença dos papéis profissionais (intervencionista, vigiante, leal, serviço, infotenimento e cívico) nas notícias das seções de esportes e nas geradas por outras áreas. Utilizando como metodologia de pesquisa uma análise de conteúdo de notícias realizada no Chile (n = 2.118), durante 2015, em imprensa escrita, on-line, televisão e rádio, este estudo comparou as características da cobertura dada às notícias da seção de esportes com as publicadas em outras fontes informativas. Os resultados tendem a confirmar as visões mais críticas sobre o jornalismo esportivo e mostram que, em comparação com as notícias de polícia, o número de fontes consultadas, a diversidade de pontos de vista e a quantidade de informação verificável que a audiência recebe são menores. A respeito da presença dos papéis profissionais, observa-se que, em relação com outras seções, as notícias esportivas incluem, com maior frequência, papéis relacionados com opiniões dos jornalistas que expressam um olhar positivo das fontes.

Para citar este artículo / to reference this article / para citar este artigo

Scherman, A. y Mellado, C. (2019). La performance periodística en la cobertura deportiva: un estudio comparado de televisión, radio, prensa impresa y medios online en Chile. Palabra Clave, 22(3), e2238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2019.22.3.8

Recibido: 14/03/2018

Aceptado: 21/09/2018

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Atkinson, J. (2011). Performance journalism: A three-template model of television news. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 16(1), 102-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1940161210381646

Billings, A. (2010). La comunicación en el deporte. Barcelona, España: UOC.

Boyle, R. (2017). Sports journalism: changing journalism practice and digital media. Digital Journalism, 5(5), 493-495. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2017.1281603

Cassidy, W. P. (2017). Inching away from the toy department: Daily newspaper sports coverage of Jason Collins’ and Michael Sam’s coming out. Communication & Sport, 5(5), 534-553. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2167479516642205

Cushion, S. (2012). The democratic value of news: Why public service media matter. Nueva York, EE. UU.: Palgrave Macmillan.

Díaz, M. y Mellado, C. (2017). Agenda y uso de fuentes en los titulares y noticias centrales de los medios informativos chilenos. Un estudio de la prensa impresa, online, radio y televisión. Cuadernos.info, 40, 107-121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.40.1106

Donsbach, W. (2008). Journalists’ role perception. En W. Donsbach (Ed.), The international encyclopedia of communication, Vol.6, 2605-2610. Malden, EE. UU.: Blackwell.

Eide, M. & Knight, G. (1999). Public/private service: Service journalism and the problems of everyday life. European Journal of Communication, 14(4), 525-547. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0267323199014004004

English, P. (2016). Mapping the sports journalism field: Bourdieu and broadsheet newsrooms. Journalism, 17(8), 1001-1017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1464884915576728

English, P. (2017). Cheerleaders or Critics? Australian and Indian sports journalists in the contemporary age. Digital Journalism, 5(5), 532-548. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2016.1209082

Farrington, N., Kilvington, D., Saeed, A. & Price, J. (2012). Race, racism and sports journalism. Londres, RU: Routledge.

Franks, S. & O’Neill, D. (2016). Women reporting sport: Still a man’s game? Journalism, 17(4), 474-492. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884914561573

Garrison, B. & Salwen, M. (1989). Newspaper sports journalists: A profile of the “profession”. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 13(2), 57-68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F019372358901300201

Gómez Bueno, J. (2013). Ética, responsabilidad y observación de los códigos deontológicos en el periodismo deportivo (Tesis de doctorado, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España).

Hallin, D. C. & Mellado, C. (2018). Serving consumers, citizens, or elites: Democratic roles of journalism in chilean newspapers and television news. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 23(1), 24-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1940161217736888

Hanitzsch, T. (2007). Deconstructing journalism culture: Toward a universal theory. Communication Theory, 17(4), 367-385. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2007.00303.x

Hardin, M. & Whiteside, E. (2009). Token responses to gendered newsrooms: Factors in the career-related decisions of female newspaper sports journalists. Journalism, 10(5), 627-646. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F14648849090100050501

Márquez-Ramírez, M. & Rojas Torrijos, J. L. (2017). ¿Periodismo deportivo pasivo o proactivo? La cobertura del FIFAGate en la prensa deportiva de México y España. Cuadernos.info, 40, 173-188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.40.1009

Mellado, C. (2015). Professional roles in news content: Six dimensions of journalistic role performance. Journalism Studies, 16(4), 596-614. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.922276

Mellado, C. & Van Dalen, A. (2017). Challenging the citizen–Consumer journalistic dichotomy: A news content analysis of audience approaches in Chile. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 94(1), 213-237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699016629373

Mellado, C. & Vos, T. (2017). Conceptualizing journalistic role performance across news platforms. En C. Mellado, L. Hellmueller y W. Donsbach (Eds.), Journalistic role performance: Concepts, contexts and methods (pp. 106-124). Nueva York, EE. UU.: Routledge.

Mellado, C., Hellmueller, L. & Donsbach, W. (Eds.) (2017). Journalistic role performance: Eoncepts, contexts, and methods. Nueva York, EE. UU.: Routledge.

Mellado, C., Hellmueller, L., Márquez-Ramírez, M., Humanes, M. L., Sparks, C., Stepinska, A., …& Wang, H. (2017). The hybridization of journalistic cultures: A comparative study of journalistic role performance. Journal of Communication, 67(6), 944-967. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12339

Poushter, J. (2016) 1. internet access growing worldwide but remains higher in advanced economies. Pew Research Center. Recuperado de http://www.pewglobal.org/2016/02/22/internet-access-growing-worldwide-but-remains-higher-in-advanced-economies/

Pew Research Center: Journalism & Media staff. (2005). Box scores and bylines: A snapshot of the newspaper sports page. Recuperado de http://www.journalism.org/2005/08/22/box-scores-and-bylines/

Rowe, D. (2004). Sport, culture & media: The unruly trinity. Londres, RU: McGraw-Hill.

Rowe, D. (2007). Sports journalism: Still the toy department’ of the news media? Journalism, 8(4), 385-405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1464884907078657

Salwen, M. B. & Garrison, B. (1987). Sports and Politics: Los Angeles Times’ Coverage of the 1984 Summer Olympic Games. Newspaper Research Journal, 8(2), 43-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F073953298700800205

Schultz-Jørgensen, S. (2005). The World’s Best Advertising Agency: The Sports Press. The House of Monday Morning, 37. Recuperado de http://www.playthegame.org/upload/sport_press_survey_english.pdf

Solves, J., Sánchez, S. & Ruiz, I. (2016). The prince and the pauper: Journalistic culture and Paralympic Games in the Spanish print press. Journalism. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916671894

Stępińska, A., Jurga-Wosik, E., Adamczewska, K., Bartłomiej, S. & Dominika, N. (2016). Journalistic role performance in Poland. Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, 2, 37-51. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10593/15465

Sugden, J. & Tomlinson, A. (2007). Stories from planet football and sportsworld: Source relations and collusion in sport journalism. Journalism Practice, 1(1), 44-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17512780601078860

Surface, B. (1972). The shame of the sports beat. Columbia Journalism Review, 10(5), 48-55.

Valenzuela, S. y Arriagada, A. (2009). Competencia por la uniformidad en noticieros y diarios chilenos, 2000-2005. Cuadernos de Información, (24), 41-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7764/cdi.24.33

Wang, H., Sparks, C., Lue, N. & Huang, Y. (2017). Differences within the mainland Chinese press: A quantitative analysis. Asian Journal of Communication, 27(2), 154-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2016.1240818

Weedon, G., Wilson, B., Yoon, L. & Lawson, S. (2018). Where’s all the ‘good’ sports journalism? Sports media research, the sociology of sport, and the question of quality sports reporting. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 53(6), 639-667. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1012690216679835

Zelizer. B. (2017). What journalism could be. Cambridge, RU: Polity Press.